The Marvelous in Nature

Monday Miscellany

Green-margined Tiger Beetle, Cicindela limbalis

It’s that time of year again: the time of year where my quantity of photos taken begins to exceed the quantity of photos I can work onto the blog. I take my camera with me virtually everywhere: every time I go out on a walk with Raven down the road, or a hike with Dan out in the park, or out to visit friends or family. I even take my camera when I go grocery shopping in town, just in case I should happen to encounter something along the way (this was prompted by encountering a young snapping turtle in the middle of the road last summer, so I stopped the car to get out to help it across, and I was kicking myself for not bringing my camera). If there’s anything that catches my eye or even slightly piques my interest, I take a picture. Many of these, the odds and ends that I can’t work into a full-length post very easily, languish in my computer’s annals. During the winter the problem isn’t pronounced, but as soon as spring starts to break, my backlog of photos really begins to build, and I just can’t keep up with all the subjects I take photos of.

Last year I tried addressing this through Today at Kingsford. I felt it was mildly successful, but ultimately still left lots unshared. This year I decided a better way to approach it would be to emulate the day-labeled themes such as “Skywatch Friday” or “Wordless Wednesday”, and start a regular series called Monday Miscellany. Although in my head Saturday is the most logical day for a week-end round-up, “Saturday Miscellany” just didn’t have the same sort of appealing alliteration. So Monday it is.

This week’s header image is of a Green-margined Tiger Beetle, Cicindela limbalis. At least, I think that’s who it is; tiger beetles tend to be somewhat similar in their markings and general colours, and I’m certainly no expert, unlike fellow blogger Ted of Beetles in the Bush. It doesn’t help that my primary reference for all things six-legged, the Kaufman guide to Insects, only covers a subset of the more common tigers. So I turned to a book that I haven’t used a whole lot recently, largely due to its tome-like size: Stephen Marshall’s Insects: Their Natural History and Diversity. This is a great book, with a much greater breadth of diversity than can be offered in the smaller Kaufman guide (Marshall’s book is hardly a “field” guide, but makes a great coffee-table reference). I rarely fail to find what I’m looking for in there.

In this case, Marshall notes, “The Green-margined Tiger Beetle lives on clay soils across Canada and the northeastern states.” BugGuide.net, my number one online reference for all things six-legged, adds that the habitat is “usually steep, moist bare clay soil, including… dirt roads”. They’re out in the spring and then again in the fall. I spotted it moving along our dirt road one warm afternoon last week as I was returning with Raven. She was very good as I asked her to sit-stay while I photographed the critter. The beetle was also very good, though I doubt it paid any attention to my command to sit-stay. Prior to this I had only ever seen Six-spotted Tiger Beetles (C. sexguttata), so I was rather excited to discover this one.

Greater Bee Fly, Bombylius major

Insects figure heavy in this post. I’ve been seeing quite a few about recently, particularly late last week on perhaps the most gorgeous afternoons we’ve had so far this spring. This one is a bee fly, probably Greater Bee Fly, Bombylius major. This is a widespread species that flies in early spring (BugGuide.net says they’re most common in April), usually found near wooded areas, in sunny clearings either sunning themselves or visiting spring wildflowers. Last spring I noted one visiting the forget-me-nots in my parents’ garden. I saw four in various spots that day last week; this one was at the side of the road.

Weevil

Photo number three is an unidentified weevil. I think weevils are cool, with their long snouty appearances. Although weevils are actually a type of beetle, they are generally thought of as separate organisms. Rarely any larger than a quarter of an inch, weevils are small beetles and this guy was as well. I was sitting in the leaves at the edge of a forest clearing, hoping for a bee fly like the guy in #2 (but not actually that individual) to come land near me, and I noticed this guy crawling through the litter and then up a grass stem where he helpfully sat and wiggled his antennae for a few moments while I took a photo.

Giant Water Bugs

On the evening that followed that beautiful day, I set up my moth sheet with great anticipation of what might arrive. I was not disappointed; I had a few hundred moths come in, of upwards of three dozen species. But they weren’t the only things to come to the sheet. There were also small beetles, a couple of ichneumonid wasps, and these guys, Giant Water Bugs, Lethocerus americanus. I encountered them for the first time last spring, at my parents’ place. They are the creepiest bugs, huge, some three inches long, with giant forearms that look fearsome. They are in fact capable of giving a good nip, and I haven’t tried handling them. They’re capable of flying, although they’re a bit lumbering as befits something of their size, and as I was standing out by the sheet it was hard not to get a little anxious with these huge bugs buzzing by me. There must have been at least 20 that arrived, drawn in by the blacklight. The leaf litter was alive with them.

Daffodil with wasp

At the abandoned property that I visit from time to time, some years ago the owner must have planted some spring bulbs, looking forward to a time when they would be moved in to the completed house and would have a full garden. The house was never completed, the owners never moved in, but the bulbs remain. There were crocuses, tulips, and a couple of patches of mini daffodils, all of which have grown over the years into small clumps. Two daffodils were blooming when I was there last, and were being visited by a few little insects, including this small bee (I think).

Coltsfoot

Speaking of yellow flowers, our roadside, or at least portions of it, are awash in yellow Coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara. These are one of the earliest spring flowers, and at least for the past few years, have been the first one I see in the spring. They’re such cheerful flowers, bright and sunny, it’s too bad they’re non-native.

Raven with branch

As Raven has gotten older, she’s taken a greater interest in sticks. She never eats them, but she likes to carefully and methodically shred them to bits. No bit of wood is too small for consideration. And few sticks, it seems, are too big.

Floral surprises

Wildflowers

Now that the snow has melted out of the forests, and the lake has opened up, there’s the opportunity to take the boat across the water to the park to do a bit of hiking there again. I haven’t been in to the park to hike since last fall, and although much of the park along Kingsford is very similar to much of the non-park along Kingsford, it was still with some anticipation that I pushed the boat into the water. Raven didn’t share my enthusiasm. Although she’s getting more comfortable with splashing in the water, as long as her feet can touch bottom, and she’s come to enjoy car rides, sitting at the window with a big grin on her face, she is still rather apprehensive about the boat. I suppose that’s to be expected; she hasn’t had occasion to be in it since before the snows fell. We’re trying to get her over it by always making sure there’s a good romp at the other side. But in the meantime, she sits huddled by the driver with a worried expression and the occasional whimper.

Round-lobed Hepatica

We had a really nice hike. Just a short one, I didn’t want to be gone too long, although I could easily have spent the whole day out. It was one of those perfect-weather days. Aside from a brisk breeze when you were down at the water, the temperature was just right – warm enough to be comfortable in a t-shirt, but not too warm to cause sweating. We walked across a couple of ridges, ending up at a small vernal pool where frogs were chirping. Unfortunately, Raven discovered it before I did, so by the time I reached it the frogs were no longer chirping. I called her back to me and we sat still together at the shore for a few minutes, hoping the frogs would feel danger had passed and start up again, but they didn’t. Ah well. Can’t really beat last weekend’s encounter anyway.

Round-lobed Hepatica

Over the last week or so I had been checking the forests for wildflowers, watching for the first signs of some of my favourites. The hepatica have started blooming, and in some spots, particularly open south-facing slopes, they are prolific. However, there had been little sign of anything else. I found the odd green shoot here or there, but nothing I could definitively identify. I figured that the wildflowers were still a week or two away, so while I continued to watch, I wasn’t really expecting to see anything.

Round-lobed Hepatica and Spring Beauties

So it was with a bit of pleasant surprise that I spotted a couple of Spring Beauties blooming beside the trail leading down to our dock. Small flowers, pale with pinkish stripey veins. Although they are widespread throughout the east, I only consciously recall encountering them when I was down on Pelee Island. I’m not sure why I would have missed seeing them around my parents’ old place, since it seems unlikely that they would have been absent. Over in the park, there were areas where they were so abundant they sprinkled the forest floor like garnish on a cake. And as delicious to the eyes as the cake is to the tongue. Speaking of tongue, apparently these flowers grow little tuber-like nodules on their roots which are edible and somewhat tasty when boiled.

Bloodroot

I was so focused on the Spring Beauties that I nearly missed these Bloodroot, not two feet away. Bloodroot is one of my favourite forest wildflowers, one of those species that you can see dozens of times and still point it out and say, “Look! Bloodroot!”, each time anew. There were actually a few patches of it blooming on our southeastern-facing slope, but I encountered none in the park, not even furled-up leaves with the promise of becoming broad, snowy blossoms. Bloodroot, of course, takes its name from the orange-red juices that seep from the stem and veins when broken. Native Americans would use this colour as a dye, but more interestingly it can also serve as an effective insect repellent. Provided you don’t mind your face and skin being smeared with orange.

Dutchman's Breeches

As I carried on down the trail to the dock I started paying more attention to the green stuff that was poking up from the fallen leaves. Up on the slope there was a large wash of it, and using my binoculars to get a closer look, it resolved into Dutchman’s Breeches – blooming! An extensive patch of the stuff, all with short spikes of white-and-yellow flowers. This is another species that I’ve only encountered on Pelee Island. It has a more southerly distribution but is still found through much of the east. It is related to the cultivated bleeding hearts found in many gardens (an Asian species, of course, although we also have native North American ones). The deeper flowers of the Dutchman’s Breeches requires pollinators with long proboscises, and their primary visitors are bumblebees, such as the Tricolored Bumblebee below.

Dutchman's Breeches and Tricolored Bumble Bee

I didn’t see any blooming in the park, either, although I did find a few that were getting close. It will be interesting to revisit the park in a week or so once everything’s opened up and blooming. I have a feeling, from what I saw today, that it will be a veritable blanket of wildflowers covering the forest floor.

Wood frog love

Wood Frogs

On Sunday, Dan and I took Raven and went up the road a little ways to a plot of crown land. There are a few such pieces, owned by the government and open to public recreation, but we only just recently found out about them, when Dan was doing background research for his new Frontenac Bird Studies program (incidentally now starting to gear up). Dan intends to install some his monitoring programs on these crown land parcels, and on Sunday the outing was dual purpose: to burn some puppy energy, and to scout the land a bit further for suitable spots.

As we neared the back boundary of the crown land we passed a pond from which I could hear frogs croaking. Dan offered to take Raven and carry on to the end, and then come back to get me on his way back. In the meantime, I’d scout the pond and see if I might be lucky enough to spot a couple of the noise-makers. Sounded good to me, I really wanted to check out some of the spring amphibians, but last thing I needed was a water-loving dog splashing around and disturbing everything. If I was by myself I might have her sit-stay, which she’s pretty good with as long as you don’t go far or keep her sitting long, but really this arrangement was better for everyone.

I followed the croaks to the back of the pond where it didn’t take long to spot a disturbance in the water. Drawing closer, it appeared to be a female with suitors. Drawing closer still, there appeared to be four love-struck males surrounding her.

Wood Frogs

The one that was swimming around the bunch buggered off when I got up next to them, but the other three had fought hard for their respective positions and weren’t about to relenquish them that quickly. That poor female could barely move, and I was started to wonder if it was possible for amorous male frogs to choked a female to death. Her strange red colour seemed odd, too. I was pretty sure that these were Wood Frogs, even though they didn’t show the typical dark masks the species usually does; I couldn’t come up with any other species might even be possibilities. But the reddish was a colour I hadn’t ever seen among Wood Frogs, so I wondered if maybe there was a species I didn’t know of around here. Or maybe it was just all the blood rushing to her head.

Wood Frogs

They were close enough to the shore that I could scoop them up with one hand, which I did just to make sure that the female really was still alive – she was. The third male took off when I disturbed them, but the other two still hung tight. Male frogs grip the females in a position called amplexus – Latin for “embrace”, even though is seems more like chokehold. Typically, if there’s just one male involved, Wood Frogs (and other “true” frogs, tree frogs, and Bufo toads) grasp the female from behind around her armpits. Obviously these boys had skipped that sex ed class.

The embrace can be iron-strong, seemingly locked in place, and if a love-blind male accidentally hooks up with the wrong species, the unwitting object of his affection may have a tough time escaping. The “lock” mechanism is a swollen pad, called nuptial pads, along each of the male’s “thumbs”. The pad is actually a gland that enlarges during breeding season and secretes a sticky glue-like mucous. The mucous, in combination with a rough pad surface, keeps the frog’s arms locked in place around the female.

Wood Frogs

This was another trio I found just a bit further down the shore. At least one of these guys knows what he’s doing. The female was that same weird shade of red. Apparently Wood Frogs will swim around in amplexus for an hour or more, but the actual egg-laying only takes about half an hour. The female lays her eggs in a large gelatinous mass, and the male releases his sperm over the eggs as she lays them. I looked around the edges of the pool where the frogs were, but saw no evidence of eggs anywhere. I must have found them in the early stages. The pond, apparently a vernal pond, had very little vegetation in it, so I hope they were able to find a suitable place to lay their eggs.

Wood Frogs

When I slipped the frogs back into the water, one male kicked off, propelling the whole group away from me toward the pond bottom. They weren’t very efficient swimmers in this state, clumsy and uncoordinated, and I mused how they would be easy pickings should something hungry come along. Good thing there weren’t any herons patrolling the shores of this pond. I guess, even though they’re somewhat vulnerable for an hour or so during the process, the odds of a predator happening across them during that period is pretty slim and most of them get the job done with no more threat than the occasional passing naturalist.

The Moth and Me #2

7871 - Deidamia inscripta - Lettered Sphinx (2)
Lettered Sphinx, Deidamia inscripta, a spring specialty that should be flying soon.

I just wrapped up the April edition of The Moth and Me, and invite everyone to head over to check it out. The really busy mothing period in the northern hemisphere has yet to kick into gear, while the moths down under are starting to thin out, but there are still a good number of interesting mothy posts.

The next edition is May 15, with submissions due to me by May 13. We’re just starting to enter the really good spring mothing here in Ontario, and folks further south should already be seeing lots flying. I encourage everyone to go out one warm evening between now and the next carnival with a light bulb and a white sheet, and see what you get! I bet you’ll be surprised. (If you want to invest $5, try picking up a black light from Home Depot to double your “catch”! I find the compact fluorescent type work better than the incandescents.) If you don’t know your moths, that’s okay! You can submit the images to BugGuide.net, or otherwise blog about it and tag me in the post or leave me a comment, and I’ll see if I can help out with IDs (no guarantees, but I’ll do my best!).

Easter bunnies

Easter birthday cake

In a slight state of desperation this morning, I sat down with my camera and a safety pin and attempted a bit of surgery. It seems to have worked, as I was able to finally transfer the images off the card, but I am still looking forward to getting the card reader as peace of mind. The reader will be faster anyway, and then I don’t have to worry about the data transfer slot not working again.

This is the photo that spurred me to drastic measures this morning. It’s actually a birthday cake I made for my sister last weekend, as she had made the request for cheesecake with bunnies on it. Being very Easter-themed, pleased with how they turned out, and lacking any actual rabbits on which to post about (I can’t believe we still haven’t seen one here), I wanted to share the cakes on Easter Sunday as an appropriate post – posting them Tuesday kind of defeats the purpose.

So, wishing everyone a relaxing and/or fun-filled long weekend and Happy Easter!

PS – Don’t forget to get your Moth and Me submissions in to me by the end of tomorrow!